Begin by proofing the yeast. In a large mixing bowl, combine the warm water and sugar, then sprinkle the yeast over the top. Let it sit for about 5 to 10 minutes until it becomes foamy.
Stir in the flour, kosher salt, and olive oil. Mix everything together until it forms a sticky dough. Cover the bowl and let it rise in a warm place for about 1 to 1½ hours, or until doubled in size.
Prepare your toppings by mincing the garlic and grating the Parmesan cheese. Once the dough has risen, pour olive oil into your baking pan and transfer the dough to the pan, stretching it to fill the pan completely.
Use your fingertips to press deep indentations all over the surface of the dough. Sprinkle minced garlic, grated Parmesan cheese, and any herbs you choose. Finish off with a pinch of flaky sea salt if desired.
Cover the dough again and let it rise for another 20–30 minutes while preheating your oven to 425°F (220°C). Bake for about 20–25 minutes until golden brown. Allow to cool for at least 10 minutes before slicing.